Lifelong Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Lifelong Learning - Essay Example Knowledge is one of the most precious wealth gained by any individual. Habits are part of the learning process as well, when an individual see some good habits they tend to adapt that habit and make it part of their life. Therefore the process of learning new things all along the path is a very common thing experienced by all individuals. What is lifelong learning? It is important for all individuals whether young or old to always keep the process of learning new things mandatory in their lives so as to remain up to date with the latest happenings that are taking place in the surroundings. The term lifelong learning can be defined as all the learning activities that take place in the life of an individual. Having continuous education is part of the lifelong learning process (Brenda and Osborne 2007). The process of being involved in learning new things at each stage of the life improves the decision making for individuals regarding different matters and also improves their level of o ptions to choose from as they have an understanding of different options through their learning processes. The importance of education cannot be weighted in words as education shapes the present and future lives of any individual. How demographic and economic change have affected lifelong learning. There has been a huge and drastic changes being observed by the individuals all around the world. In fact as we know that the only constant thing that is taking place in the world is change. Everything is changing around us with time and we individuals need to adapt to the processes of change to remain successful in this world of such cut throat competition. The field of education is becoming more and more competitive with time (Brenda and Osborne 2007). Many new studies and dimensions are being constantly explored through research work. The processes of research take place in the life of an individual both at the personal level and the professional working level. Research work allows new paths to be explored about any situation and helps in deducing and deriving possible solutions. Now, if we observe there have been many different and unique educational fields of study invented that were not present before. Science has advanced tremendously and it requires that individual should be aware of all the new scientific technologies that are pertaining so that they can be benefitted by them. Science has drastically transformed the living styles and has facilitated human beings in making their work easier and luxurious. The present era requires with high skills and ambitions so that they can face the challenges of both work and life. For developing skills and expertise in any field, one needs to constantly focus upon developing themselves with the latest technology and techniques that are becoming available in the surrounding. Regardless of the field of education any individual belongs to, it is always wise to know about the different things surrounding the individual so t hat they are able to gain an advantage economically since the world is at a constant pace of promoting change (Field 2006). All individuals should focus upon becoming lifelong learners on an effective and efficient pace. The more they are able to grasp knowledge about various aspects, the more chances they have of becoming successful individuals both on a personal level and a professional level (Burbules and Torres 2000). Lifelong learning at times takes place without the individual being aware of the fact that they

Think Twice about Texting and Driving Essay Example for Free

Think Twice about Texting and Driving Essay â€Å"In 2010, 3,092 people were killed in crashes involving a distracted driver and an estimated additional 416,000 were injured in motor vehicle crashes involving a distracted driver† (Distracted Driving). Many people do not realize that texting and driving causes so many injuries and deaths. People believe that looking down at a phone for three seconds is okay and will not cause harm. They are wrong; texting while driving causes more accidents than other distractions while driving. There are also laws that forbid the use of a cell phone while operating a vehicle. Texting and driving is an action that kills more people than expected. Due to the lack of concentration on the first-hand action; a slowed reaction is brought upon the driver. Texting and driving is a problem because of the delayed reaction time of someone who is driving a car. â€Å"Using a cell phone while driving, whether it’s handheld or hands-free, delays a driver’s reactions as much as having a blood alcohol concentration at the legal limit of .08 percent† (2009, University of Utah). Driving while texting is similar to driving while intoxicated because of the delayed reaction time, but texting while driving is much worse. When a person is driving under the influence of alcohol, they are, for the most part, still focusing on the road; whereas a person who is texting is paying more attention to their phone than on the road. Therefore, most accidents are caused from texting while driving. When going through Drivers Education, or a driving school, drivers are taught to keep their hands at the †ten and two position† on the steering wheel and their eyes on the road. With texting being more common, now people try to multi-task texting while they are driving. â€Å"49% of drivers with cell phones under the age of thirty-five send or read text messages while driving† (2011, Harris Poll). Accidents from distraction can be caused by any person who owns a cell phone and drives. Everyone who owns a cell phone and has used it while driving is at fault. There is not just one age group that uses their phones more than the next. Newspaper articles are showing more frequently, accidents are being caused from texting while operating a vehicle. In a newspaper article ¸ New York Daily News, written by Charlie Wells stated that: Chance Bothe is a twenty-one year old man who spent six months in recovery from a horrific car accident that was caused by texting while driving. The last text he sent to his friend was, â€Å"If we keep doing this I’m going to wreck my truck, going to  get in a car crash.† That is exactly what happened after he pressed send. Chance Bothe broke nearly every bone in his body. Bothe argues that texting while driving is not worth losing your life over. People need to be more informed of the harm texting and driving can cause. Chance knew that he could possibly be harmed by texting and driving, and he actually did. â€Å"But, because text messaging requires visual, manual, and cognitive attention fro m the driver, it is by far the most alarming distraction† (Distraction.gov). Drinking and driving is an act that is highly frowned upon and multiple consequences are given if a person gets caught. Texting and driving is also an illegal act, but it is not enforced as much as it should be. Since it requires quite amount of attention from the driver, more consequences should be issued to individuals who get caught. Ten states throughout the United States, D.C., Guam, and the Virgin Islands ban all drivers from using handheld cell phones while operating a vehicle. An officer can actually cite a driver without any other citation present. Thirty-nine states, D.C., Guam, and the Virgin Islands all ban text messaging from all drivers, but allow talking on the phone. In Indiana and multiple other states, they have a â€Å"Crash Data Collection† rule where they can include cell phone equipment distraction in accident reports (Ghsa.org). Even though many citizens are for the ban of cell phone use while operating a vehicle, some people are against it. Why a person would be against a law that would higher the safety of drivers and the people around them, is unknown. If police officers were more strict with the laws against cell phone use while driving, and giving citations, texting and driving may decrease; therefore, it would driving more safe. The risks of texting and driving are rising each year and the amount of deaths is also rising. In 2011, at least 23% of automobile accidents were caused from texting and driving. That is an equivalent to 1.3 million crashes. While a person is texting and driving, they are twenty-three times more likely to get in an accident than if they were not using their phone. A lot of the time, teenagers get in an accident while texting, but they are not the only people that cause the accidents. Thirteen percent of drivers between the age of eighteen and twenty-one admitted to using their mobile device during the time they got in an accident. Eighty-two percent of  drivers between the age of sixteen and eighteen have cell phones, fifty-two percent said they have talked on their phone while driving, and thirty-two percent have admitted to texting while driving. The numbers of young drivers are rising, and it needs to end (DWI: Driving while Intexticated). â€Å"Stop the texts. Stop the wrecks,† is a webpage to show what can happen in result from texting and driving. It states that in the five second time frame that a person is driving fifty-five miles per hour, and their eyes are off the road while texting, a car can travel the length of a football field. Five seconds and even less, is all it can take to end a person’s life. Car accidents are four times more likely to happen if the person operating the vehicle is using their cell phone. The webpage also provides ways to get a person to break the habit of texting while driving. More people could receive awareness about texting and driving, and the harms it can cause by simply looking information up on the internet. Ways to eliminate texting and driving from happening is the driver could put the device in the backseat so that it out of sight. â€Å"Out of sight, out of mind,† is a quote that could stop texting and driving. Also, a person could simply turn the volume of their phone to silent so that they do not hear it and then they will not think about it. There are multiple applications on smart phones that parents can use to lock the child’s phone while the vehicle is in motion. If the text is really important and the driver has a passenger in the car, designate that person to be the â€Å"texter† while the driver is operating the vehicle. (Stop the Texts, Stop the Wrecks). People cannot help the urge to pick up their phone when they hear the beep or vibration when they get a new text message or Facebook notification. It is a bad habit that needs to be broken, and it can be with a little effort. In a Chicago newspaper, was a campaign that showed teenagers the real harms from texting and driving. Students at Taft High School got to witness the difficulty of texting and driving while driving with AAA’s distracted driving simulator, and most of the students crashed. â€Å"It’s taking your hands off the wheel so that you can hold the phone and text. It’s taking your eyes off of the road, and it’s taking your mind off the road,† said Nick Jarmunsz of AAA. (Chicago.Cbslocal.com). â€Å"â€Å"We have nothing left now,† said Teresa  Breen† (Chicago.Cbslocal.com). Teresa Breen is the mother of a teenager, John, who crashed his car and killed himself while texting and driving. â€Å"He thought he was invincible, and these kids also think that,† Breen said. â€Å"They think they can do anything and it’s not going to catch up with them† (Teresa Breen on Chicago.Cbslocal.com). Michael Inbar wrote a news article about a young woman who passed away from result of texting while driving. Taylor Sauer was driving home to visit her family, a four hour drive away. That drive fell short when she crashed into the back of a tanker truck. Her last text was, â€Å"I can’t discuss this right now. Driving and facebooking is not safe! Haha.† She was discussing the Denver Broncos football team with a friend. Just seconds after sending that last text message, traveling over than 80 mph, she crashed into the back of the truck. When her phone records were checked later on for the accident report and investigation, it showed that she was posting to Facebook every 90 seconds while driving (Msn.com). People really need make second thoughts before they pick of their phone while driving. A person may be sending a one word text message or a paragraph long message, and the result could be the same either way. A crash can happen, and it will. There was a story about a teenage girl who had recently been broken up with by her boyfriend. She was overly depressed and became suicidal. The girl would always tell her ex-boyfriend that she wants to kill herself, but never actually did it. One afternoon she was texting her ex-boyfriend while driving down the interstate. She had been extremely upset that afternoon and told him that she was going to kill herself, and actually follow through with it. While sending that text, she drove over the middle of the road, not knowing, and crashed into an oncoming vehicle killing a mother and her two children. The girl texting survived. Police retrieved her phone records from the time of the accident and are now attempting to charge her with manslaughter saying she crashed into the other vehicle to kill herself. When a person reaches for their phone while they are driving, what is going through their head is not the harms of texting and driving, they are thinking of what the text message will say, or what they will respond.  People need to pause a second before they grab their phone while driving. They need to think twice before they do an action that could change their life forever. A person could be having an argument over text messaging and that could possibly cause an increase to getting in an accident. Not one text message is so important that a person should risk their life reading and replying to it. It can wait, and it should wait, but it does not always work that way. Cell phone use while driving is becoming more and more common each day. It is a factor that is rising in injuries and deaths each year. One small text that takes a person’s eyes away from the road can result in a huge accident in under a minute. The outcome will not only affect the driver that is texting, but also others around them. The drivers’ reaction time is lowered if they using their phone while driving. Multiple laws forbid the use of texting and driving, and some laws prohibit cell phone use all together. Many people do not realize the outcome that texting while driving can happen. Lives have been taken because of texting and driving.

Essay examples --

Laura Greene SOC 421 Section 1002 Fall 2013 Dr. Mann Marxist Theories in Todays Society Karl Marx was a German philosopher whose work are thought to still have an influence even on todays society. Marx believed that material goods were the root of the social world and that social life is fundamentally about conflict over food, land, money, and other material goods. The ideal government for Marx would be a communist state where resources are equally shared. However, here in America it seems we will always have a democratic government where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. For my final paper I will use the marxist theoretical ideas to investigate how Wal-Mart uses their economic and financial power to exploit their workers and suppliers. I will use Marx’s theory to understand how Wal-Mart not only manipulates and exploits its employees and suppliers but, also how they are able to alienate their employees. Marx’s theories remain as powerful framework for explaining the actions of a billion dollar multinational company because of its focus Wage-La bor, Surplus Value and Alienation. By sharing with the reader the reasons why Wal-Mart should be considered a threat to our society by using Marx theories, I hope to bring attention the true cost of getting things for a bargain. For the purpose of this paper I will be focusing on his theories about Wage-Labor, Surplus Value and Alienation and using them to explain Wal-Marts actions. Throughout the course of his life, Marx came up with many theories. However, Marx was very interested in the topic of capitalism.nCapitalism can be defined as being an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by th... ...ncome. However, today’s materialistic society is so obsessed with the idea of commodity fetishism that we are blinded by the effects of it. We only think of where we can buy great products at low prices? Wal-Mart is always the answer, but if only we knew at what price of exploiting and alienating their employees, would we change out minds. Consumers never see the work that goes into making the product or how the labor has turned the worker into nothing but another commodity. All the consumer sees is the status or wealth depicted by the product. In all capitalism is what keeps our society in order. Even though Wal-Mart has become the bourgeoisie that Marx was against and feared, he would be happy to say that his prediction came true. In all, through these examples, I hope to open the publics eyes and show them at what cost their bargains are costing the workers.

Revenue Recognition

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are general guidelines, which instruct firms on how to form their financial statements and how to accurately measure their profit levels. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) forms a conceptual framework that defines the nature and purpose of accounting and provides a theoretical framework regarding the manner in which transactions should be treated. The principles governing accounting procedures, however, may be amended or changed over time, and this may mean that new rules are devised regarding how transactions should be measured, reported, and presented to users (Hodgdon et al, 2009). There should be consistency in the principles used for accounting purposes to promote reliability in financial statements and ensure that all transactions are treated equally by all firms, otherwise there are high chances of financial statements being inaccurate (Wustemann & Kierzek, 2005). The essay will describe the principles of revenue re cognition, the difference between â€Å"income† and â€Å"revenue†, measurement issues between historical cost and value, matching of revenue and expenses, and the differences between the previous conceptual framework and the amendments made in the new revenue recognition model. The essay will conclude with a summary of the main points made in the answer and an analysis of whether the new proposed model has caused concern to respondents. The principles of accounting form a framework that enables users to properly understand the data included in financial statements and make it useful. It enhances the relevancy of the information, makes it free from error, neutral, and comparable to the financial statements of other firms. One of the current issues prevailing in accounting standards includes the issue of the principles of revenue recognition. (Schipper et al, 2009). iAS 18 and New Proposals Made: There are two main revenue recognition standards which incude iAS 18Revenue and iAS 11 Construction Contracts. However, the main problem with these revenue recognition models is that they may be difficult to comprehend and their application may also be a hassle. Moreover, iAS 18 does not thoroughly provide guidance on the topic of revenue recognition arrangements which have multiple elements. The iASB has decided to revise the accounting standard on revenue recognition as inconsistencies and weaknesses exist in the standard. The proposals for improvement in iAS 18 include removing inconsistencies and weaknesses in the existing revenue recognition framework, improving the standard of comparability of revenue recognition practices across industries, disclosing more vital information in financial statements, and the simplification of the preparation of financial statements. One of the main important distinctions made in the revenue recognition model is the distinction between â€Å"inc ome† and â€Å"revenue†. Income is defined as the economic benefits that a firm may generate in the course of an accounting period which include an increase in the inflows or the value of assets or the decrease liabilities that in turn increases equity. This does not include the additional contributions made by existing and new equity holders. However, revenue is defined as the income that arises in the course of ordinary activities of an entity such as the sale of goods etc. The prevailing issue in accounting standards is when to recognize revenue and how to measure it reliably. According to the new accounting standard, revenue is recognized through the selling goods, the provision of services, and third party’s using the entity’s assets which results in yielding interest, royalties, and dividends. Another major issue in the revenue recognition model is how to measure assets or liabilities and whether to measure them at cost price or at value. Using the c ost method may be considered reliable as the cost is known, yet the problem arising in the use of cost is that it relies on past figures (Cairns, 2006).Using the value method may be considered more useful or reliable as it uses up-to-date information but may not always be accurate as the current value of assets or liabilites may vary in measurement from firm to firm (Cairns, 2006). According to IAS 18 (Olsen & Weirich, 2010) revenue shall be measured at fair value which is the amount at which an asset or liability can be settled between two knowledgeable willing parties in a transaction conducted at arm’s length. There are various conditions which result in the recognition of sales, such as when the entity has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards associated with the ownership rights of the goods, the entity holds no managerial or controlling rights over the goods sold, the revenue generated and calculated from the sales can be measured reliably, the enti ty will benefit from the economic benefits of the transaction, and the costs incurred with respect to the transaction can be reliably calculated (Olsen & Weirich, 2010). Problems with Proposed Standard: The costs associated with each of the transactions must be matched to the revenue generated and these costs are categorized as expenses. Each sale results in the occurrence of an expense which must be recognized in coordination with the revenue generated and put in its respective category in order to ensure the balancing of the income statement. However, the new proposed standard has given rise to significant feedback from users which includes the suggestion that while the recognition of revenue generated through selling goods, includes the transfer of control or an assessment of whether risks and rewards have been transferred, it should also include a collectability clause (Olsen &Weirich, 2010). However, other respondents have asked â€Å"transfer of control† to be particularly defined before it is included in the model (Wagenhofer, 2013). While the new revenue recognition model provides a detailed basis for accounting standards and has defined a wide scope for the proper cl assification of transactions, the feedback received has suggested that the model is too complex and confusing for immediate implementation as it is inconsistent with previous frameworks and would require practice and getting used to in implementation. Moreover, other users have also mentioned that the model requires additional information regarding the meaning of certain rules and terms in order to be accurately implemented and used within all firms such as the meaning of â€Å"collaborator†. It is suggested that the Board review the new accounting principles that it has introduced and provide detailed explanations and examples of how to appropriately apply the standards to financial statements. It is also highly suggested that in order to improve the applicability of the new revenue recognition model, the inconsistencies between the previous model and the new model must be removed, the terms used in the new model must be clarified, and the suggested additions may be made. References Cairns, D. (2006). â€Å"The use of fair value in IFRS.† Accounting in Europe. Vol. 3(1) pp. 5-22. Hodgdon, C., Tondkar, R. H., Adhikari, A., & Harless, D. W. (2009). â€Å"Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards and auditor choice: New evidence on the importance of the statutory audit.† The International Journal of Accounting. Vol.44(1) pp.33-55. Olsen, L., & Weirich, T. R. (2010). â€Å"New revenue?recognition model.† Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance. Vol.22(1) pp. 55-61. Schipper, K. A., Schrand, C. M., Shevlin, T., & Wilks, T. J. (2009). â€Å"Reconsidering revenue recognition.† Accounting Horizons. Vol. 23(1) pp. 55-68. Wagenhofer, A. (2013). The Role of Revenue Recognition in Performance Reporting. Working Paper, University of Graz. Wustemann, J., & Kierzek, S. (2005). â€Å"Revenue recognition under IFRS revisited: conceptual models, current proposals and practical consequences.† Accounting in Europe. Vol. 2(1) pp.69-106.

Hotel Report

BM 0970 Introduction to Hospitality & Tourism Executive Summary Introduction Hotel Rendezvous, Singapore Products/Services: They offer worldwide hotel services in countries such as Singapore, Shanghai and many parts of Australia. They are from The Marque Group of Hotels and they have hotels by the name of both Marque and Rendezvous. Hotel Rendezvous in Singapore offers good location too. It is situated in the heart of the civic, cultural and commercial district; Bras Basah Road, just stones throw from the always-crowded Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station. Without a doubt, this is the perfect place to rendezvous for business or pleasure. Competition: Hotels nearby includes the known Concorde Hotel, once known as Le Meridian Hotel, Hotel Fort Canning, Mandarin Orchard, which is a 5* Hotel and Hangout @ Mt. Emily, a themed budget hotel. Unique-selling points: Hotel Rendezvous Singapore has the â€Å"Telepresence† Room. This state-of-the-art facility connects users the world with unparalleled convenience and ease, while reducing corporate travel expenses and increasing productivity and environmental friendliness. The hotel is also the first to offer the facility, thus more business visitors will be attracted to stay in Rendezvous. Furthermore, those who book the facility will get discounts for rooms and also f/b services. Target Market: Business travellers Potential Opportunities & Challenges Of Hotel Rendezvous Challenges include: 1. Some hotels nearby in Orchard Road have better services An example will be Mandarin Orchard Hotel; they have: * Medical clinic in case of emergencies * Baby sitting services for customers who stays in the hotel with their families and need someone to mend their children when the parents are away * Postal services (Immediate mail from the hotel to Singapore Post) 2. Online guest reviews affect the competitiveness of Hotel Rendezvous Websites like Trip Advisor will have both negative and positive comments. While positive comments may encourage first-time travellers to visit Hotel rendezvous, negative comments will deter travellers to enter the hotel, especially the business travellers who want better services. Since, the negative comments will not be removed immediately, thus causing an influence to the choices made by first-time travellers. 3. Shopping centres are located far from hotel Major shopping malls like ION Orchard and Wisma Atria are located far from Bras Basah Road, where transportation is needed. 4. Due to IR, business and leisure tourists may prefer hotels such as Marina Bay Sands for stay in Singapore instead. 5. F1 Night Race The F1 night race occurs in the month of September each year and during this period, it is much more inaccessible to get to Hotel Rendezvous. Major road closures at locations such as Orchard Road and Stamford Road will make it harder for drivers to get to the hotel. Challenges: Since F1 will end in 2011, the hotels surround the F1 track race may experience a significant drop in hotel occupancy rate. Therefore, suggestions such as organising local Singapore track race are recommended. Key Developments & Opportunities 1. Zoukout An annual music, dance and art event hosted at Sentosa Island. Organised by Zouk Club. Tourists all over the world come to Singapore where â€Å"30- 35% of the total turnout come from the region, mainly from Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Hong Kong and also as far off as the United States. †   This year’s Zoukout has guests like David Guetta and Tiesto, who are known worldwide. . Christmas Light Ups The Christmas light ups are done annually on the stretch of Orchard Road, where many tourists can photograph their memories with wonderful lights on the background. 3. Great Singapore Sale Great Singapore Sale is an annual event with extensive discounts to attract global and Singapore shoppers to buy merchand ises from international brands such as Topshop, Nike, and River Island. Foreign shoppers may need an accommodation to stay when they come to Singapore and shop. Since Rendezvous hotel is located near major shopping district, it is an opportunity for the hotel to attract both leisure and business tourists. They can collaborate with GSS such as private sale for Rendezvous hotel’s patrons or discounted room rates if they purchase $500 with 3 combined receipts during this Sale period. Resources available 1. Transportation; Shuttle Services For easier travel, the Rendezvous Singapore Hotel offers an airport shuttle service for guest use. However, the international airport can be reached within minutes by guests driving their own vehicles and the MRT station nearby offers additional transportation options. Airport Airport is air transportation for international tourist to reach Singapore. With airport, it is 20 minutes away to reach hotel rendezvous which give tourists convenience to reach their accommodation faster. It increases the probability for business tourists to choose Rendezvous as their accommodation since it is not far from airport. The 20 minute distance allows better traffic to enter Hotel rendezvous. As such, it is a resource that Hotel Rendezvous can tap on to further establishes its status as a business tourist’s hotel. 2. Land; Minor expansion of the hotel grounds can be done at the fountain lounge (Ref 1. 4), where more space can be given to the Palong Bar, since its size is small. With the expansion, a dancing floor, with a disco theme can be built for guests to have parties or dinner and dance events in future. We have also found out that with the inclusion of a duty free shop in hotels may earn the hotel more revenue with the fees for rental and commissions. An example will be Royal Plaza on Scotts, where DFS Galleria is located in the hotel premises. Many foreigners love to shop at DFS because their products are much cheaper too. Thus, we recommend that Hotel Rendezvous should hire services from DFS Galleria for the land expansion, to cater to guests who ove shopping, at their convenience. 3. Relationship (Networking); The Cathay Cineplexes The Cathay Cineplexes are just stones throw away from Hotel Rendezvous. Guests at the hotel can go there for shopping paradise and movie galore. The Cathay Building has been a distinct landmark since 1939 when it first opened its doors to avid movie-goers. Now a shopping mall infused with fashion and trends, five storeys house retail and dining indulgences while two floors are dedicated to an eight-hall multiplex cinema, including The Picturehouse – Singapore's first arthouse theatre. Guests will be interested to watch movies there, and with winning movies from the Cannes Film Festival, it is a good place for guests to watch it first hand here in Singapore. Recommendation: The Cathay Cineplexes could collaborate together with Hotel Rendezvous to have priority seats for the guests by showing their hotel keys or vouchers issued from the hotel. There should also be a convenience service for advance booking of tickets which allows guests to get their tickets at the reception of Hotel Rendezvous This will allow them to get their tickets at ease, without having to rush between meetings and leisure. The Cathay will then receive better exposure via putting up advertisements such as pamphlets in the hotel to gain reputation among the travellers. Also, collaboration may bring higher revenue since the priority seats is an incentive for them to watch movie in The Cathay. Guests might even recommend the movie theatre to their colleagues who might come to Singapore in future. The Cathay could also provide Hotel Rendezvous complimentary movie passes to be given away to guests. When the guests visit The Cathay Building for the movie, there may be higher chances of them visiting the retail outlets as well. Therefore, it will increase revenue and in turn, they can increase the monthly rental of the shops. 4. Labour (Human Resources); When guests enter the hotel, the first people they are greeted by are the staffs at the hotel lobby. Porters/Bellmen are those who meet and greet customers upon their arrival. Hotel Rendezvous have about 4 porters and security officers on duty on a normal business day. Valet parking is also a special service the hotel offers for guests who drive. The porters also collect and deliver luggage to guests’ hotel rooms once they arrive. In Hotel Rendezvous, receptionists are better called as Guest Reception Officer. . Technology; The hotel needs a good room allocation system. We have researched for best technology supplies and one of which we recommend is Pelican E-Hotel Distribution System. This company provides services such as central reservation and also the Global Distribution System (GDS), which connects with over 600,000 travel agencies worldwide. T his will benefit the hotel through preventing confusions over room allocations. Different guests may want particular rooms such as: * Smoking/Non-smoking rooms * High/Low levels * Queen/2 Single Bed Rooms, etc. We have also found a company, First Data ®, which processes all major credit cards. They can also use the Payment Software solution to process debit/ATM cards, checks, stored value/gift cards, even private label cards and line-of-credit applications. Network for Electronic Transfers (NETS), a Singapore-based payment method can also be used by the hotel to provide smooth transactions for guests. 6. Entrepreneurship; Capitalization through opportunities 1. Attractions and entertainment; Museums Singapore Arts Museum, National Museum, Asian Civilizations Museum are located near Rendezvous Hotel. These museums usually have different exhibitions shown at different periods of the year. An example will be Pompeii: Life in a Roman Town 79CE, at the National Museum of Singapore till January 23rd. Istana The Istana is the official residence of the President where he receives and entertains state guests. The entire domain occupies over 100 acres and is located along the busy Orchard Road. The grounds also contain: * Sri Temasek, also built in 1869, for the Colonial Secretary and was the official residence of the Prime Minister * The Annexe * The Istana Villa (1938) * The Lodge (1974) * The Japanese Gun, presented to Lord  Louis Mountbatten  after the Japanese * surrender in 1945 Marsh  Garden (1970) * Lily  ponds * A nine-hole  golf course * A  burial place  of the  Bencoolen  Muslims, who came to Singapore between 1825 and 1828, located on the southern slopes of the grounds close to the Orchard Road entrance The main purpose of guests to visit Istana is to see the architecture, the facilities, which is only unique to Singapore 2. Destinations; Peranak an Museum The museum explores the culture of Peranakan communities in the former Straits Settlements of Singapore, Malacca and Penang and their links with other communities in Southeast Asia (SEA). It is a boutique museum with one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of Peranakan artefacts in the world. Three floors of permanent galleries illustrate important rituals, practices and the material culture of the Peranakans, as well as how the unique fusion culture is viewed today. The Peranakan Museum provides an enjoyable and educational experience for all, with intricate displays innovatively presented in ten galleries, children’s interactive and special merchandising in two shops. Two temporary exhibition galleries will present a programme of special exhibitions throughout the year. The Peranakan museum is a museum under the Asian Civilisations Museum. Recommendation: Due to the popularity of Mediacorp drama Little Nyonya, the museum may attract Chinese-indo to appreciate the historical artefacts from this museum. In addition, non-Nyonya tourists who want to experience Nyonya culture, they may want to visit this attraction. As such, the hotel may collaborate with the museum with promotional activities like 15% discount off the museum ticket price with any 2 night stay in the hotel. Also, Hotel Rendezvous may collaborate with Singapore Tourism Board (STB) to showcase their promotions and activities regarding Peranakan Museum through STB website. With STB a reliable source for travellers, not only the collaboration will expose Hotel Rendezvous to leisure travellers, and also gain higher reputation among business travellers. For STB, this collaboration will fulfil their mission: We develop and champion tourism, so as to build the sector into a key driver of economic growth for Singapore by the increase in popularity of Hotel Rendezvous and the need to experience Peranakan culture. The Battle Box The Battle Box provides tours to tourists and also local residents of Singapore. For a price of S$5 for children and S$8 for adults, visitors can attend a guided tour of the location. It is the latest military operations complex in Singapore and was the hub of the Malaya Command Head quarters during World War II. They use the specially arranged audio and video effect, high quality animatronics and crafted figurines; they bring back February 15th 1942 to guests, when Singapore fell to the Japanese. So, this destination allows guests of Hotel Rendezvous to get to know the history of Singapore better while they are here. Killing two birds with one stone, they get to do work and know Singapore. In-hotel Resources Meeting rooms and Events Venues * Six functions rooms which can accommodate from 10 to 240 people and a Telepresence Suite * A total  880 square metres of banquet space * A superb selection of food ; beverage packages * The latest in audio visual ; web technology * Special accommodation rates Technical Equipment The latest in audio visual ; web technology is conveniently available upon request. We will be pleased to discuss with you any special presentation requirements you may have, whatever your requests, we will help make your event a success. Value Promise (Fig 1. 1) This service is available free of charge. The hotel promises value to their customers and thus, more of them will go back to the hotel more than once. Business Benefits (Fig 1. 2) This service costs less than a full breakfast meal; $29. 50 Lowest Price Guarantee (Fig 1. 3) Customers are assured that they get the lowest rate they can find in the nearest vicinity. They will even get claims if they find a lower room rate somewhere else with the equivalent facilities/services. Conclusion The top three resources that are significant to the success is labour, technology and travel agencies. Firstly, labour is important in the business. Workers like the receptionist might be the first person the customers will meet when they reach the hotel. If the workers do not treat their work seriously, customer might have a bad impression of the hotel. However, if the workers give a pleasant first impression to the customer, customer might visit the hotel again or recommend the hotel to their friends and family. This will increase the hotel revenue. Secondly, having better technology than other hotel will enable customer to enjoy better benefits that they can’t enjoy in other hotel. An example will be, customers will choose a hotel with wireless than a hotel which doesn’t have as wireless enable customer to surf the net easily. Better technology will also mean that the workers can serve the customer better as the waiting time will be shorter. An example will be customer checking-in to the hotel. Customer will than doesn’t have to wait for long queue to check-in to the hotel if the computer system is able to locate the customer room easily. Lastly, travel agencies play an important role in the hotel. If many travel agencies are willing to advertise to the customer the hotel, there will be huge increase of customers coming to the hotel, which result to more revenue. Working with travel agencies will greatly helps the hotel to earn more revenue. However, if no travel agency wants to help the hotel to their customers, hotel would have lesser customer than hotel with travel agencies helps.

Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections Essays

Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections Essays Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections Essay Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections Essay maximal sterile barrier precautions, catheter placement and optimal timing of replacement, surveillance, education, improved hand hygiene technique and compliance, etc. ), and technological (e. g. , use of preferred skin antiseptics such as chlorhexidine gluconate, closed infusion containers, catheter dressings, etc. ) practices† (Torricone et al, 2010). Another intervention includes a closed infusion container with self-sealing injection ports that reduces the risk of air and organisms from entering the infusion. According to the American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN), a large proportion of nosocomial infections result from â€Å"cross-contamination from the hands of healthcare workers† (2005). It is important to Always wash your hands  before and after  putting on or removing gloves, direct patient contact, inserting a peripheral catheter or assisting with CVC nsertion, palpating a catheter insertion site, changing a catheter dressing, accessing the catheter to administer a medication or flush (Hadaway, 2006). The CDC also recommends the use of alcohol-based hand rubs between patient contacts instead of just hand washing alone (AACN, 2005). Always wash your hands  before and after  putting on or removing gloves, direct patient contact, inserting a peripheral catheter or assisting with CVC insertion, palp ating a catheter insertion site, changing a catheter dressing, accessing the catheter to administer a medication or flush (Hadaway, 2006). Also, change gloves  used for other patient-care tasks before you perform any infusion or catheter care tasks. The use of the Central Line Bundle is also beneficial. The bundle focuses on hand hygiene, maximal barrier precautions, chlorhexidine skin prep, optimal catheter site selection, and daily assessment of line necessity with prompt removal of unnecessary lines (Institute for Healthcare Improvement, 2008). An article written by Suzanne M. Brungs, RN, MSN, MBA, OCN, and Marta L. Render, MD, supports the use of bundles for Central Lines in an effort to reduce infections. The bundle is composed of hand hygiene, use of chlorhexidene as a skin prep prior to insertion, a full body-drape that covers the patient from head to toe, barriers such as sterile gloves, gown, masks and caps to be worn by the inserter and avoidance of using the femoral insertion site (2005). The article reports that since the implantation of these bundles, central line associated blood stream infections were reduced by at least 50% and â€Å"compliance with using evidenced-based practices increased from 30% to nearly 95%† (Brungs Render, 2005). Florence Nightingales Environmental Theory supports the Joint Commissions patient safety goal to reduce central-line related blood stream infections. She believed that the patient is affected by the environment and that the nurse acted on the patient. By controlling the environment you could control the patient’s health. Cleanliness, among other factors, in her theory, facilitated the patients healing process. This is essentially the same thing we are doing with the use of CVC bundles. By controlling our environment and maintaining sterility during insertion, management and care of central lines, we reduce the risk of infection and promote the patients well being. Good hand hygiene prevents bacteria from being passed from one patient to another, which therefore reduces risks of infection. Another theorist that supports the Joint Commissions patient safety goal is Dorothea Orem. Her self-care model states that when the patient cannot care for his/herself, it is the nurse who in turn meets the patient’s needs by acting and doing for the patient (Current Nursing, 2010). The nurse guides, teaches, supports and provides an environment that promotes patient care and health. This is the whole premise of advocacy. When the patient cannot speak for his/herself or when they aren’t knowledgeable about a specific procedure it is our duty to make sure we assume the role of patient advocate and do for the patient and teach the patient. It is up to us that the patient received optimum care. Ultimately, patients are at risk with any intra vascular device but there are steps that we can take to minimize risks for infection. Many national efforts today are aimed to reduce the risk of blood stream infections related to central lines. I believe that infection control programs must strive to apply universal and consistent control measures and prevention tips with all types of CVC’s. There is no doubt they are here to stay but it is essential that all healthcare providers are given the tools necessary to ensure patient safety and satisfaction. There is no excuse for an infection. We must advocate and we must strive to protect our entire patient population. References American Association of Critical Nurses. (9/2005). AACN practice alert: Preventing catheter elated blood stream infections. Retrieved from aacn. org/WD/Practice/Docs/Preventing_Catheter_Related_Bloodstream_Infections_9-2005. pdf Brungs, S. M. , Render, M. L.. (2005). Using evidenced-based practice to reduce central line infections. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 10(6), 723-25. Hadaway, L. C.. (2006). Keeping central line infectio n at bay. Nursing 2006, 36(4), 58-64. Haller, L. T. , Rush, K. L.. (1992). Central line infection: a review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 1, 61-66. Institute for Healthcare Improvement. (2008). Prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infection. Retrieved from hi. org/NR/rdonlyres/01E7F0ED-EEDE-41BA-ABB0-982405602158/0/cli. pdf Maki, D. G. , Kluger, D. M. , Crnich, C. J.. (2006). The risk of bloodstream infection in adults with different intravascular devices: A systemic review of 200 published studies. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 81(9), 1159-71. Nursing theorists: A companion to nursing theories and models. (2010). Retrieved from http://currentnursing. com/nursing_theory/nursing_theorists. html The Joint Commission. (2009). Accreditation program: Hospital national patient safety goals. Retrieved from http://scholar360. com/cchs/media/user/1341/Joint%20Commission%202010%20NPSGs_3. pdf

¡Ay Mis Hijos! Professor Ramos Blog

 ¡Ay Mis Hijos! Reanna Saldivar Eng 102 22 July 2018 Never been a fan of demons or ghosts. The thought of having the dead come back to life in an untouchable physical form only brings fear and shock to my stomach. Only in spirit form they appear, yet through many individuals’ experience, it is hard to provide proof on any monster occurrences as being true. Hearing about evil spirits coming through the house, even through a board game, a.k.a the Ouija board, will keep me up for nights, knowing it is possible for something lifeless to cause harm. One of the most famous stories that terrified me as a child was La Llorona. In Spanish culture, stories of La Llorona has been passed down through generations as a lesson about cultural allegory for women or as a good scare for children to become obedient. The story alters among traditions; however, it continues to live through generations, becoming memorable in one’s life. Although the purpose of La Llorona is to be used as a disciplinary tool, the story it represents monsters as a cultural aspect through Jeffrey Cohen’s Seven Monster Theses. The original story of La Llorona is told to warn children about misbehaving or straying away from home for long. (Arora). Although the story alters depending on what culture the story is being told to, some parts of the story stay similar. La Llorona is the story or the â€Å"weeping woman†. The time of occurrence varies but the root of the story began with a beautiful women who meet a man with wealth and a popular status. The parents did not approve of their love, however as a act of rebellion, she takes off with her love and have children together. The man does not respect the relationship and cheats upon her. As revenge, the girl has a violent outrage and ultimately drowns and kills her children. She attempts to kill herself in a similar matter where she succeeds, however is denied entrance at the Gates of Heaven. She spends eternity looking for her children after she realizes the damage she has done.   La Llorona is referred to as the ‘woman in white’ along any area around large bodies of water, weeping â€Å"Ay Mis Hijos!†; No one fully understands whether she cries from pain or anger. (Canaderia). The great fear of La Llorona is how she kidnaps children and drowns them after the realization that they aren’t her children. For generations, the story is told repetitively to implement discipline or cause a great scare. (Santos). One adaptation of La Llorona is presented in the children’s horror comedy animation, La Leyenda de la Llorona. The movie itself presents the consequences of an encounterment with the female figure herself, La Llorona. The plot is altered to provide a less horror approach for young kids to watch. La Llorona was mysterious â€Å"Woman in white† figure that appeared down the street on a late Halloween night. One of the main characters named Beto is kidnapped by the figures, causing his sister KiKi to attempt to go on a looking spree for her brother. Kiki learns the real story behind the figure through help of elders met on the journey, however the story is different. La Llorona is depicted as a women who left her kids on a boat to save her house from burning into flames, however her children were found dead days later after failing to return to the boat in time. Townspeople have stories about their occurrences with La Llorona which helps the kids locate her for the safety of their siblings and friends; unlike the original story, La Llorona is not known for kidnapping children and causing harm, instead she attempts to take care of children she kidnaps to fill the void of her missing children. La Llorona attempts to take children’s’ souls because of disobedience but is soon reunited with her own children at their graves, leaving a happy ending and a solution to the mystery of La Llorona. The movie itself is a prime example as La Llorona is children adaptations to present the significance of the icon, La Llorona and part of Hispanic culture. Another adaptation is emphasized by the author Sandra Cisneros interpretation in the â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek†. Cisneros story presents how La Llorona is presented in literature in a similar storyline. In the vignette, the character Cleofilas is described as a very beautiful woman with confidence and pride in herself, like La Llorona. Her only friends were described as â€Å"Dolores† and â€Å"Soledad† translating as â€Å"sorrow† and â€Å"solitude†, which depicts her life as lonely and isolated, similar to the lifestyle of La Llorona. The difference between the mythical story of La Llorona and Cisneros’s story is the depiction and influence of a wealthy man. Cleofilas watches and learns about the betrayal and unfaithfulness of a husband on a novela, but experiences physical abuse while La Llorona experiences betrayal. Each character was depicting of their own challenges and confusion and they attempt to put their love for their husband a bove all things, even abuse, until the damage is unbearable; Cleofilas flees while   La Llorona murders what she felt was most important to her husband. Each story provides a sense of empowerment for women to finally disclose upon a situation that was determined as toxic for the women’s well being, after being taught for so long that women shall conform to the norm of women being obedient to men. The story of La Llorona bodies society diversity as well as common fears or desires among cultures. La Llorona falls under Cohen’s Seventh Monster Theory of â€Å"The Monster Stands at the Threshold †¦ of Becoming†; the theory states that monsters have us â€Å"reevaluate our cultural assumptions about race, gender, sexuality, our perception of difference, our tolerance towards expression†¦. ask why we have created them† (20). Each adaptation of the story of La Llorona teaches the importance of cultural allegory; the allegory expresses equality about sacrifice and a representation of how not to behave to your children. Thus, parents explain the story to establish credibility to themselves as great behaving parents who know best. The theory also explains that humans create monsters to represent our fears, which as parents, the fears of losing their loved ones, which also ties together to another thesis of â€Å" The Monster’s body is a Cultural B ody†. The theory states that â€Å"the body incorporates fear, desire, anxiety and fantasy, giving them life and uncanny independence†¦ it’s pure culture† (4).   La Llorona is a prominent figure in Hispanic culture, being that if the story is untold, children are considerably missing a part of their culture and history. After the story has floated around her decades, it has molded into a Hispanic tradition to warn children about the ghost. Kidnapping is considered to be categorized as anxious fear for parents would never want to lose touch with their children. La Llorona is a predatory figure or icon that figuratively presents every parents worst fear. Each adaptation has provided a sense of importance as providing lessons of not wandering off into the dark for too long as well as the sacrifices a mother makes for her loved ones. Despite the wicked and cruel horror depicted among the story of La Llorona, it continues to be memorable story that leaves a mark or purpose in individual’s lives everywhere. The adaptations all altered among the audience and purpose thrives for, but the story itself shifts among cultures, making it slightly harder to categorize one story as the â€Å"correct† story. The origin itself is unknown, but a children’s first occurrence with being told the story of La Llorona will not be forgotten. Hispanic culture has accepted this story as a common depicting of parents’ fear as well as a lesson of Hispanic culture. Always remember to not wander off too late, curiosity killed the cat. Bibliography Arora, Shirley L. La Llorona. Encyclopedia of Mexico: History, Society Culture, edited by Michael S. Werner, Routledge, 1st edition, 1998. Credo Reference, https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/routmex/la_llorona/0?institutionId=5312. The article establishes the origins of the La Llorona story. The folktale has been around for decades yet the purpose or minor details of the story vary. I will use the article to establish background and originality to the famous La Llorona. Candelaria, Cordelia Chvez. La Llorona. The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Latino Literature, edited by Nicolas Kanellos, ABC-CLIO, 1st edition, 2008. Credo Reference, https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/abclatlit/la_llorona/0?institutionId=5312. The article explains the folktale of La Llorona that has been around for centuries. The story’s purpose is to either scared kids at night or a tactic to simply tell kids so they do not stay out late. The article help establishes the purpose of the La Llorona, because every folktale has a message. I will use the article to help establish why La Llorona is important in the spanish culture. Santos, Cristina. La Llorona. The Ashgate Encyclopedia of Literary and Cinematic Monsters, Jeffrey Andrew Weinstock, Ashgate Publishing, 1st edition, 2014. Credo Reference, https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/ashgtmonster/la_llorona/0?institutionId=5312. The article gives information about La Llorona in literature. As she becomes part of literature, her story often changes to in order to convey the authors message. The article will help establish how La Llorona is characterized differently upon the message the author is trying to convey. Cisneros, Sandra. Woman Hollering Creek and Other Stories. New York :Vintage Books, 1992. Print. The story is an example of folktales being a part of our everyday lives, for here it is part a vignette novel by Sandra Cisneros who is known for writing about spanish culture. The article will help me establish how La Llorona becomes modernized in literature. Weiser, Kathy. â€Å"La Llorona – Weeping Woman of the Southwest.† Legends of America, 17 Mar. 2017, www.legendsofamerica.com/gh-lallorona/. The article shows the story told in the South West region of America. Different places depict different stories of La Llorona for various reasons, each altering because of what purpose is desired from the story. The article helps me establish the development of the La Llorona story throughout the years for this story has no exact origin. Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. Monster Theory: Reading Culture. University of Minnesota Press, 1997 The book was used in class to demonstrate why monsters are important figurative figures in society. Although just depicted as horror objects, they provide a reflection or representation of society or cultures. The book was brought into class, making it credible to use. I plan to use it to help construct the importance of the monster.

How to Say Any in Spanish

How to Say Any in Spanish The English word any has no single equivalent in Spanish, and when it is used to mean an uncountable noun or a plural noun, it is usually left out completely.  There are a few cases where you can use the word any to mean some, none or whatever, and in those cases, there is a translation for the word. When Any Can Be Omitted in Translation In many cases, any as an adjective is superfluous in Spanish, adding little independent meaning and can be omitted without much change in how the sentence is understood. Under those circumstances, and especially in questions, the word can usually be left untranslated in the Spanish equivalent.   English Sentence Spanish Translation If you have any additional questions about this product, you can check the label. Si tienes preguntas adicionales sobre este producto, puedes consultar la etiqueta. Are there any books about the National Museum in English?  ¿Hay libros sobre el Museo Nacional en inglà ©s? If we don't make any progress this week, a huge job will be left for us next week. Si no hacemos progresos esta semana, nos quedar una tarea monumental para la semana prà ³xima. Do you want any more carrots?  ¿Quieres ms zanahorias? I don't feel any pain. No siento dolor. Remember, there are times when any can or should be translated. There are a few ways to express the idea of any when it can mean some, none, whichever, or whatever in a sentence. When Any Means None Double negatives are common and acceptable in Spanish. In negative sentences, any can often be translated as ninguno, which varies according to number and gender. Note that ninguno is shortened to ningà ºn when it comes before a singular masculine noun. Like any, ninguno and its variations can function as both adjectives and pronouns. English Sentence Spanish Translation If you don't have any of these documents, you can submit one of the following. Si no tiene ninguno de estos documentos, puede someter uno de los siguientes. I don't see any advantages for the citizens. No veo ningunas ventajas para los ciudadanos. I don't feel any pain. No siento ningà ºn dolor. By using a double negative, in Spanish, it can allow the speaker to be emphatic. As is the case with the example, I dont feel  any  pain. The speaker can simple state,  No siento dolor.  However, when using the double negative and stating,  No siento  ningà ºn  dolor.  The speaker is emphasizing a state of being that is extremely pain free. It is similar to an English speaker saying, I dont feel any pain, not a one. When Any Means Some When any is used in a sentence and it stands in as a pronoun meaning some, it can be expressed in two ways as alguno  or algunos for the singular and plural masculine pronoun and  alguna or algunas  for the singular and plural feminine pronoun. An example of this would be,  I have two dogs. Do you have any? In the second sentence, you can replace the word any with alguno.  Tengo dos perros  ¿Tienes alguno? When Any Means Whatever or Whichever When any is used to mean that a variety of choices will do, such as whatever or whichever in English, you can use cualquiera, which is shortened to cualquier when used as an adjective before a masculine or feminine noun.   English Sentence Spanish Translation I am looking for any Harry Potter book. Busco cualquier libro de Harry Potter. Any mother can distinguish her child from all other children. Cualquier madre puede distinguir a su hijo de todos los dems nià ±os. "Which meal do you want to eat?" Any one. It doesn't matter." Cualquiera. No importa. It is absolutely prohibited to provide syringes or hypodermic needles in any way. Es absolutamente prohibido suministrar de cualquier modo jeringuillas o agujas hipodà ©rmicas.

The Business Environment in Relation to Morrisons Essay

The Business Environment in Relation to Morrisons - Essay Example The details further establish the salient use of the variables in rebuilding the supermarkets’ strategic framework. The company’s factors of success Morrisons has competently claimed its position in the U.Ks retail market through the lead in delivery of quality food and groceries. The supermarket chain has grown tremendously after merging with Safeways Company. Morrisons currently has the capability to make on-point deliveries effectively than the competitors. The outlet discovered that, some of its drawbacks resulted from poor distribution and delivery channels. Therefore, it strategized accordingly, and in the modern day, the company has a neat flow of goods to reach the final consumer via the outlets it established. The company has reduced the overall overheads through the procurement of privately owned transportation means, and outlets. The company enjoys customer loyalty through the delivery of quality goods satisfactorily at the time that the consumer may perceive the need (Henry, 2008: 66). Morrisons Company seeks to deliver value profitably to the consumer for mutual benefits. It first establishes customers’ needs and determines the most pressing that call for immediate attention. The company wins over the competition through intense research to ascertain any changes in the markets and the availability of new markets. Suppliers’ core value to a business is to deliver materials and inventories. Morrisons realized that, their suppliers were incompetent and the costs of sourcing them were relatively high. Therefore, the supermarket has established supply chains thus, resulting to reduced costs of materials and effective distribution of products to its various chain stores. The main factors towards the growth of supermarkets are; customer satisfaction, reduced costs hence considerably low prices, and effective delivery of quality products (Bensoussan & Fleisher, 2008: 68). The supermarket has continuously erected food stores in a n attempt to reach all entire market, which still remains inadequately catered for. Through the strategic mission and vision statements, the company propels the set plans and strategies to achieving its goals and objectives. Morrisons’ vision and mission statements express their practices inertly, and more emphasis relates to customer satisfaction. The company enjoys economies of scale by the fast and the effective rate of diversification of investment.  

Do the paper as requirementthis is a groupwork with 3 people Essay

Do the paper as requirementthis is a groupwork with 3 people - Essay Example The financial ratio analysis also highlights the working capital condition of the company, whether the company is overtrading or not and how much finance would be required by the company in order to finance its working capital. Ratio analysis is considered to be a very accurate and reliable tool when it comes to analyzing and interpret the financial outlook and performance of an entity. The main reason for performing a ratio analysis is to quantify the results of the financial operations of an entity and analyze them in the light of financial performance of the prior year(s) in order to assess different aspects of the financial feasibility. [Peavler, R. (2001)] The financial ratios are usually divided into various sub categories such as profitability, gearing and liquidity, each put emphasis on a different area of the financial outlook of the organization. ... usually conducted between companies portraying same business and financial risks, between industries and between different time periods of the same company. [Investopedia.com (2012] The financial ratio performance of TR Limited has been evaluated for the last two years in order to draw attention to various financial trends and significant changes over the period. The analysis is divided into three main categorize namely Profitability, Liquidity and Gearing. Profitability ratios identify how efficiently and effectively a company is utilizing its resources and how successful it has been in generating a desired rate of return for its shareholders and investors. Liquidity ratios measure the ability of the company to quickly convert its asset into liquid cash to settle its short term liabilities. Whereas, the Gearing ratios identifies the extent to which the company is financed through debt and to what degree the operations are being conducted from the finance raised through raising equit y capital or otherwise. For the purpose of financial ratio analysis, the financial year from 2011-2012 have been evaluated in order to analyze the financial outlook of TR Limited. The information has been extracted from the annual report of the company. Profitability Ratios    2012 2011    Profitability Ratios Gross profit margin 73.19% 80.65% Net profit margin 21.38% 25.97% ROI 8.88% 23.67% ROCE 18.23% 33.75% Gross profit margin is an analyzing tool which assists in identifying how effectively and efficiently the company is utilizing its raw materials [1], variable cost related to labor and fixed costs such as rent and depreciation of property plant and equipment. The ratio is calculated by dividing the sales revenue by the gross profit. If we analyze the gross profit margin trend of TR

Computer abuse is subject to taking advantage of electronic media to Assignment

Computer abuse is subject to taking advantage of electronic media to gain information and use it against the third party - Assignment Example INTRODUCTION Computer abuse is subject to taking advantage of electronic media to gain information and use it against the third party. The evolving technologies such as the expert use of smart phones, tablets, laptops, home computers have added the threat of new crimes every day. The criminal activities are encompassed by excessive use of technology and computer abuse, which have resulted in major social, cultural, and financial losses over the last two decades. The new dimension of criminal activities involves expert use of technology that is intelligent and technical that it can be even misread by the law enforcement agencies. For instance, a property crime on a larger scale involves fraud against the property of people without involving any physical contact with the people (Denning, 2004). The prevention of such crimes is essential for the future of advance technology and criminal investigations undertaken by trained computer experts or forensic individuals. The advancement of tec hnology and awareness of computer abuse possess a serious threat for not only to individual but also to the nation’s security in terms of legislative and financial crimes preceded by computer frauds and abuse. It has also resulted in crash of financial markets, the great depressions periods and various money laundering cases, which is a threat for not only the national security but also preceded under anti-terrorism globally. The last three decades have given rise to various hacker groups around the globe who had attacked and invaded the financial market as well as the highly sensitive data regarding the national security. For instance in recent years, the wake of wiki leaks is a big example of computer abuse. It has resulted in releasing secret sensitive information and publishing documents that possess a serious national and financial threat globally (National White Collar Crime Centre, 2002). The emerging threats from excessive computer abuse have raised the scope of feder al and local legislation in regards to larger crimes. The legislations and penalties are in place to combat the computer abuse and punish the offenders for misuse of information and data (Denning, 2004). DISCUSSION Computer Crimes and Abuse Computer crimes are defined as criminal activities committed in a technological environment in order to cause damage or derive economic gains from other others (U.S. Department of Justice, 2001). According to the adaption of Cohen Felson’s Routine Activities theory, a crime is determine due to the availability of a suitable target, lack of backing from any guardian and a serious motive by the offender. It was also stimulated that usage of computer adversely can result in invading the sensitive information and using it for criminal purposes (Gordon et al, 2003). It is also confided in law that intentionally or without permission, accessing the computer services or any device can result in committing a criminal offence (National Security Ins titute, 2004). The traditional crimes such as fraud, theft and organised criminal rings are now

Marketing comm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Marketing comm - Essay Example entire spirit.The report discusses HP’s failures in its conservative management and how ESS has stepped in to launch a good strategic marketing campaign.All these changes are evaluated through the Business Scorecard analysis.The report then evaluates the truth in the future concerns of ESS and whether they can and if so how they should survive.It is concluded that this can only be done if ESS thinks fast to save itself or chooses to immerse and disappear in HP’s ocean of conservative management. The primary reference for this report is a Case Study(2000) prepared by the Stanford University pertaining HP’s interal marketing strategies involves the identification of its internal customer support processes. Assess the extent to which internal factors support the externally facing processes. This should include an identification of the organisation’s current relationship marketing strategies.The study explores how based on this analysis, and on customer buying processes, the organisation can achieve improvements in either their internal or external processes The concept behind e-services is there’s a particular task, asset, or capability that you want to gain access to, that now can be made available to you over the Net, because it’s now being created as an Internet service. This report pertains to the current business position of Hewlett Packard (HP),its current business problems and the way ahead for this business organisation.My first impression at the outset of ESS (E-Services Solution)group is to point out that this venture may be a successful at the outset given the period 1999 until 2000 but it has all the ingredients of becoming a victim of its own success and potentially damaging the work culture of HP with the so called aim of â€Å"infecting† the entire spirit.(see Case Study 2000).I would reach such a bleak conclusion for many reasons which I will discuss below but the pith and substance of my analysis as a management consultant is that

Research summary article on theorist Patricia Benner Essay

Research summary article on theorist Patricia Benner - Essay Example ding, one core fact that cannot be disputed that in most jurisdictions, a person is expected to produce a form of attestation that shows mastery over theory by passing a given examination before accreditation can be given to practice. The question that comes to mind in such an instance therefore is whether Benner held a convincing position with her theory in the primary research titled â€Å"from novice to expert†. In the article by Benner, the researcher emphasized on the relationship between theory and practice and noted that it is possible for expert nurses to develop the skills and understanding needed to undertake critical patient care even when knowledge on theory is minimal. From this assertion, the researcher was able to identify five major levels of nursing proficiency, all of which were largely based on the outcome of practical nursing experience. These stages were novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. In what may be stated to be a perspective opinion, Benner noted that a lot of emphasis can be taken away from theory to practice because practical knowledge comes through research and that theory is only manifested as a characterization of practice. By implication, the researcher opined that theory is not sufficient to bring effective practice but through field practice, a person is able to get the fundamental â€Å"know how† of clinical experience. Based on the synopsis that has been given about the primary research by Benner, an immediate conclusion that can be given is that most parts of the world have not embraced her theory because without theoretical competence, it is very difficult for a person to be accredited to practice as a nurse. From a personal position, it would be said that as much as it will be agreed that a person can gain more experience whiles practicing nursing, the need for period updating of one’s theoretical knowhow cannot be underestimated. This is because the health sector is one that is highly technical

Explain How Web Design Guidelines are used for developing systems for Essay

Explain How Web Design Guidelines are used for developing systems for the Older Users - Essay Example Second is the use of computers especially internet is growing at an increasing speed. Percentage of posted websites increased in a time period of 3 years, between 93-96 by 6500 fold while US population using internet increased 6 fold in 5 years time (1995-1999) A study by Nielson, J showed Seniors (65+) used internet for e-mail use, for research, news, tracking investments, research medicine and medical conditions, to shop and bank online, and read about hobbies. They can also benefit from online study courses. But the problem here is, this generation of elderly people spent most of their time when computers did not exist. So they face accessibility problems either due to lack of education or poor income. Another factor is aging factor which brings physical, mental and cognitive impairment. Study in 1999, by US department of Commerce showed the digital divide between information rich group (Whites, Asians/Pacific Islanders, those with higher incomes, more educated and dual parental h ouse holds) and information poor group (younger, those with lower income and education levels, certain minorities, those in rural areas and central cities) is also increasing.2AARP study income and education are more important in determining universal accessibility than age. Any step taken to tackle this will help elderly people also.Shneiderman advocates three steps for attaining universal usability-'providing for technology variety, user diversity, and gaps in knowledge' which also accommodates the elderly problems. Elderly are fixed income groups requiring support for older hardware and software. Their predisposition to physical and cognitive impairment bringsforth another innovative issue in interface designs to meet their diverse needs. Finally having not been exposed to computers in schools or on the job, the elderly are likely to be novice users who need more guidance and training. So the computer designers should be sensitive to the need for backward compatibility with older versions. Online services should design for lower bandwidth connections. Software designers should use adaptive interface with training wheels and extensive online help for novice users. 'Thus user interface designers face one of the challenging tasks because of the need to support a broad range of user diversity'. Browne,H 2000.As a result a number of guidelines are sprouting and often same guideline apply to many different demographics .For elderly, guidelines relating to visually impaired , motor skills and working memory should be taken care of. WWW Consortium's web access initiative provides a set of guidelines for web pages designers to accommodate the elderly. Provide equivalent alternatives to auditory and visual content Don't rely on colour alone [give redundant cues] Provide context and orientation information Provide clear navigation mechanisms Ensure the documents are clear and simple. Microsoft addresses in the' Seniors and Technology" web page issues related to adults with visual and motor impairment, and low bandwidth connect

Research summary article on theorist Patricia Benner Essay

Research summary article on theorist Patricia Benner - Essay Example ding, one core fact that cannot be disputed that in most jurisdictions, a person is expected to produce a form of attestation that shows mastery over theory by passing a given examination before accreditation can be given to practice. The question that comes to mind in such an instance therefore is whether Benner held a convincing position with her theory in the primary research titled â€Å"from novice to expert†. In the article by Benner, the researcher emphasized on the relationship between theory and practice and noted that it is possible for expert nurses to develop the skills and understanding needed to undertake critical patient care even when knowledge on theory is minimal. From this assertion, the researcher was able to identify five major levels of nursing proficiency, all of which were largely based on the outcome of practical nursing experience. These stages were novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. In what may be stated to be a perspective opinion, Benner noted that a lot of emphasis can be taken away from theory to practice because practical knowledge comes through research and that theory is only manifested as a characterization of practice. By implication, the researcher opined that theory is not sufficient to bring effective practice but through field practice, a person is able to get the fundamental â€Å"know how† of clinical experience. Based on the synopsis that has been given about the primary research by Benner, an immediate conclusion that can be given is that most parts of the world have not embraced her theory because without theoretical competence, it is very difficult for a person to be accredited to practice as a nurse. From a personal position, it would be said that as much as it will be agreed that a person can gain more experience whiles practicing nursing, the need for period updating of one’s theoretical knowhow cannot be underestimated. This is because the health sector is one that is highly technical

Arabic culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Arabic culture - Essay Example Geography plays a vital role in forcing the Arabs to opt for long dresses which cover the entire body. It should be noted that Middle East is perhaps the hottest region in this earth. Because of the proximity of deserts, the atmospheric temperature in most of the Middle Eastern countries is in the range of 35 to 45 degree Celsius during the majority of the months in a year. In order to escape from extreme heat, Arabs use long white cloths and head covers. White colour has the ability to reflect heat whereas black colour has the ability to absorb heat. That is why Arabs mostly interested in white dresses. Arabs normally like non-vegetarian foods because of their geographical peculiarities. Fishing is a traditional revenue source for Arabs because since most of the Arab countries are located near the seashores. It is difficult for the Arabs to grow vegetables in open air because of the extreme heat and humid conditions. So, historically, they included items like fish, meat, egg etc mor e in their dishes. In fact vegetarian foods are expensive in the Arab world compared to the non-vegetarian foods. In short, geography has influenced Arab food habits very much. â€Å"Black tea is the most common drink among Arab world, usually the Lipton brand name. You can also find a delicious tea made from hibiscus flowers - zouhourat. This tea has a light yellow colour and a delicate, flowery flavour† (Syrian Drinks: Repast in a Teacup). Sulaimani (Black tea) is the major drink among Arab people.

Cosmetic Surgery among women Essay Example for Free

Cosmetic Surgery among women Essay Table of Contents: Introduction Page 2 Causes of Cosmetic Surgery (by Hilda) Page 3 Physical Damage after Cosmetic Surgery (by Bonnie) Page 4 Psychological Effects of Cosmetic Surgery (by Ashley) Page 5 Conclusion Page 6 Works Cited Page7 Appendix A – Women and Health: Power, Technology, Inequality, and Conflict in a Gendered World Appendix B – Reflecting on Cosmetic Surgery: Body image, Shame and Narcissism Appendix C – Body Work: Beauty and Self-image in American Culture Appendix D – Body Image: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention Appendix E – Nips tucks: Everything You Must Know Before Having Cosmetic Surgery Appendix F – Check list Introduction To examine the history of cosmetic surgery, Ratcliff stated that cosmetic surgery was originally used to reconstruct the injuries of the returning soldiers from the First and Second World Wars. However, due to the long-time promotions of the media in the standard of beauty of women and the turning of the effects of aging to pathological changes by doctors, the usage of cosmetic surgery has changed (133). Ratcliff reported the statistics in 1998 from the American Association, which showed 3,892,149 cosmetic surgeries for women (135). Nowadays, cosmetic surgery becomes more common, especially for women. Instead of needing it, women see it as a want. They want to attain their ideal images by cosmetic surgery. However, the raising of cosmetic surgery causes both physical and psychological problems. This paper will examine the causes and effects of cosmetic surgery. Causes of Cosmetic Surgery  by Hilda Kong Tsz Yan Northrop reported the Davis’ and Gimlin’s findings in 1995 and 2002 that the judgment of men is not the main reason for women to have cosmetic surgery. The opinions of men are just the supportive of the cosmetic surgery decisions of women (157). With the increasing number of women having cosmetic surgery after divorcement, Northrop believed that many women would change jobs or resume studying to enlarge their competence and competitiveness. Cosmetic surgery would improve their body image and increase the opportunities of employment (157). Northrop also thought that cosmetic surgery had the meaning of getting back control of the bodies for divorced women. They did not mind the pain of cosmetic surgery as they thought it was the inevitable part of process of retrieving ownership of their bodies (158). For common women having cosmetic surgery, Northrop suggested that due to the rejection and replacement by other people who had better looking in daily life, women would have dispirited self image and feel shame. They therefore want to improve their situations by cosmetic surgery (159). I am surprised that cosmetic surgery has a great meaning for women. It does not only boost the self-esteem of women, but also has the meaning of getting back their bodies. I have believed that opinions of men are the main reason for women to have cosmetic surgery all the while. However, it appears to me that there is evidence to say that women want to have cosmetic surgery because of women themselves. Physical Damage after Cosmetic Surgery  by Bonnie Hui Nga Ting Gimlin highlighted cosmetic surgery can cause a serious problem on health that the body may have rejection on tissue engineering application. She also described women had breast augmentation and it is extremely pain. They may feel difficulties and uncomfortable when they lying or putting up the hand.  If it is not success, the surgeon chisels the chest wall of the patient for removing the chemical part out. It cannot stay inside the body. Furthermore, the breast may have scars or deform (77). In addition, Gimlin stated if woman had cosmetic surgery for whole body, the woman may get poor in facial expression. Also, if a woman had liposuction, the patient may get corrugated and uneven structure of the skin (77). Gimlin also claimed that due to new benefits or more resources, the body can advance and transform continuously (78). However, I disagree with Gimlin that the body can advance and transform after cosmetic surgery. If we had cosmetic surgery not because of disability, I think it is not upgrading and this must have side-effect that we use chemical way to change our body structure. Moreover, I think women had cosmetic surgery for beauty purpose and the physical effects are the cost of the beauty. I think the pain is bigger than the value of beauty for me and beauty cannot be everlasting. It is not worth a try. I do not want to stake my health for whole life to get a beautiful appearance for few years only. Psychology Effects of Cosmetic Surgery  by Ashley Ngan Ka Yan Not only the physical damage is serious, but also the psychology effect should be concerned as well. Cash and Linda report that 5-15% of cosmetic surgery patients are having body dysmorphic disorder which is a kind of mental illness that their body will be criticized by themselves extremely such as their skin, hair or even any body parts. Thus, they may not satisfy the postoperative results as they will still look for the flaws of their appearance (396). For women having cosmetic surgery, Cash and Linda highlight that the occurrence rate of suicide are increasing frequently and having mental disorder are happening most likely specially the women who have breast implant, so they need to have psychological and psychiatric remedies in order to prevent their self-murder ideation or self- harm conducts (397).  Moreover, Cash and Linda suggest that producing preservative influence for women who may have those risks for self-destruction because of mental illness and psychosis (398). I am surprised that cosmetic surgery can cause the psychology effect seriously like suicide and self-harm behaviors, so I do agree with Cash and Linda that providing more support for those women who may have body dysmorphic disorder in order to deduct the unfortunate happenings because life is important and it should be treasured. It also reminds me that we should think twice before making change to our body as once you did it, you might not be able to go back. Conclusion Although there are negative effects of cosmetic surgery, it cannot eliminate the advantages it gives to women. Cosmetic surgery gives self-esteem and a new body image to women. It makes women accept themselves again and comfort them when they face others and do not feel inferior when they saw their face or body. So, why not look for outstanding doctor to help you fulfilling your goal. To choose the right doctor, Barry suggested that the first thing is comparing more than two doctors and taking consultations with them (17). Second, choosing a doctor according to their experience and technical abilities and do not trust any advertising, magazines or television shows because great doctors do not need to get promoted (18). Third, you must know what you want to change before having operation and during the consultation time. You have to ensure that your doctor understands your expectations after surgery (18-20). Works Cited Barry, Diana. Nips tucks: Everything You Must Know Before Having Cosmetic Surgery. Los Angeles: General Publishing Group, 1996, 17-20. Print. Cash, Thomas F., and Linda Smolak. Body Image: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention. 2nd Ed. New York: The Guilford Press, 2011, 396-398. Print. Gimlin, Debra L. Body Work: Beauty and Self-image in American Culture. University of California Press, 2001, 77-78. Web. Northrop, Jane Megan. Reflecting on Cosmetic Surgery: Body image, Shame and Narcissism. Hoboken: Taylor Francis, 2012, 157-159. Web. Ratcliff, Kathryn Strother. Women and Health: Power, Technology, Inequality, and Conflict in a Gendered World.1st ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 2001, 133-135. Print.

Partnerships and Limited Companies

Partnerships and Limited Companies The Partnership Act 1890 defines a partnership as the relation which subsists between people carrying on a business in common with a view of profit. (Alan Griffiths Stuart Wall) states This is a form of business relationship which is usually entered into by individuals who wish to take advantage of the combined capital, managerial skills and experience of two or more people.(p133) Definition of limited companies Limited companies are companies whose ownership is in the hands of shareholders who appoint directors to report at meetings, these meeting are often annual. The directors and managers are responsible for the day to day running of the business and then report back to the shareholders. There are two types of limited companies, Private Limited Companies (Ltd) and Public Limited Companies (Plc). These must issue a Memorandum of Association defining its relationship with the outside world and Articles of Association defining its internal government. Advantages of partnerships An advantage of a partnership compared to a limited company is that you can set up a partnership with any starting capital. With limited companies at least  £50,000 is needed. Globally, a partnership means less bureaucracy and a more flexible structure. For example, it is not required to hold formal board meetings annually or generally. This shows that this type of business is easier to run. Partners cant be expelled and can stop new incoming partners according to Partnership Act 1890, (Section25). This is in link with the changes in composition of the partners that imply a new firm to be created and the old firm can be dissolved if there are any changes. It also implies that incoming partners will not be liable for what occurred before they join, and outgoing partners for what occurred after they leave. There are no requirements to publish full financial details, so there is more privacy for partners. Finances only need be declared for tax and VAT. Another key advantage is that co sts, risks and responsibility is shared between the partners, keeping the control of the company to a minimum. Disadvantages of partnerships The main disadvantage of a partnership is the unlimited liability of the debts. All partners are liable together for the debts and other liabilities of the firm. The liability applies to their private assets of the partners. (Business law, p88) There is no full insurance over on offer for professional liability claims. A partner is still liable after his death for the debts incurred by the firm while he was a partner and after his retirement if he did not notice his retirement in the London Gazette (business law, p88). The solution to this disadvantage is to be a limited partner and so the liability of the partner is limited for the debts of the firm (limited Partnership Act 1907). However one partner must be a general partner meaning this partner would be fully liable for the firms debts. If one partner does a wrongful act or an omission in the course of the business, the firm is liable for the wrongful act or the omission of the partner (Partnership Act 1890, section 10). Moreover there is no separate entity. According to the book Law for Business a partnership is not a legal person, though it may sue or may be sued in the firms name. Thus the partners own the property of the firm. (p624) Finally a partnership is not convenient for huge structure businesses, as disagreement between partners can cause difficulties in decision making. Advantages of Limited companies A limited Company exists as a legal entity in itself, separate from its owners and managers. Liability for debts is limited to the amount of issued share capital. Capon (2004 p16) Advantages of limited companies are that if Arkwright was to go for a Private Limited Company (ltd), then he would only need one director. If he were to go for a public limited company (plc) then the minimum would be two. An advantage of a limited company is the limited liability this would create. This shows that personal possessions of the owners are protected as they cannot lose more than they have invested. If Arkwright was to choose a private limited company, Arkwright would benefit from having a relaxed time limit in which he has to submit annual accounts to the Registrar of Companies. Another advantage of starting up a private limited company is that there is not a set amount of capital that the company has to start up with; it can be created on what Arkwright decides on. If Arkwright were to desire a private limited company, then there isnt a set of rules in the Companies Legislation that private limited companies are to comply with. There is however, for a public limited company. Lastly, a rather significant advantage of a public limited company is that, there is no limit in age in which Arkwright has to retire by. He can still be a director beyond the age of 70 and for as long after that as he wants. Disadvantages of Limited companies Ltds: A disadvantage of being a LTD is that you cannot sell shares on the London Stock Exchange to the general public, thus losing a large proportion of possible buyers. Shares can only be sold to relatives; which makes it harder for investors to get their money back if they want to sell shares. There is often only a limited amount of capital that can be raised from friends and family. Another disadvantage is that unless the founding member is the majority share holder they may loose control over the business. A. Griffiths and S. Wall. (2008 p135) PLC: There are many legal formalities that must be addressed before a PLC can start up, for example a solicitor must be paid to set the company up making it more expensive then a partnership or sole trader. The company must pay an auditor to check accounts independently to ensure the accounts are all in order to be viewed by the public and shareholders. All activities are closely monitored by company law, to ensure that company is making public every account it should. As the company must publish the accounts the company loses some privacy to competitors. Due to this there may be competition that offers a takeover bid, buying all the shares available on sale, and there is nothing the managers can do to stop this. One final main point is that the companies can become very large and bureaucratic. Poor communication often arises leading to inefficiency. The divorce of control and ownership causes problems with share holders and managers, as their goals/aims for the company may be quite different. CONCLUSION Each form of company has its strengths and weaknesses but according to its activity, its structures, etc each firm should find the form that suits best for its business. To our particular case, Arkwright should opt for a LLP, REASONS : References A. Griffiths S. Wall, Economics for Business and Management. Second Edition, (2008) K.Denis, Law for Business, published by Pearson education UK, (2006) D.Keenan, R.Sarah, Business Law, 8th edition, Pearson education UK, (2007) Limited Partnership Act 1907 Partnership Act 1890 section 10 and 30 Bibliography

Frankenstein is Not a Natural Philosopher Essay examples -- Shelley Fr

Smith’s article ‘Frankenstein and natural magic’ takes a literary approach to the analysis of ‘Frankenstein’ although this is supported by some background scientific knowledge. Through the article, Smith describes the impacts science has made on Frankenstein’s life . Smith plays close attention to Frankenstein’s childhood, where he discovered the ancient philosophers, and his Ingolstadt years. It is in these periods where Smith argues that Frankenstein is not a natural philosopher but a natural magician due to his affinity for the ancient natural sciences, the romantic genius he posses and by contrasting Frankenstein against traditional, enlightenment stereotypes of the natural philosophers within the text and the greater Socio-historical context. However, this is in contrast to the arguments of Sleigh, who by comparing Aldini to Frankenstein, attempts to rationalise his actions and draw parallels with the attitudes of the modern philos ophers. In Sleigh’s ‘Life, Death and Galvanism’ the analysis is significantly more scientific than Smith’s consequently this is done at the expense of true literary discussion and thus only brief passing references are made to Shelly’s ‘Frankenstein’ therefore the reader has to pry out comparisons between Frankenstein and Aldini. The article itself is the story of Aldini and his uses of Galvanism but it also draws on considerable philosophical ideas to analyse the thought process of Aldini. Like Smiths text, the article is chronological and details events from 1808 onwards. Her argument concedes that Aldini and Frankenstein may have had similar attitudes due to the nature of their work, their need for ‘Inspiration and their backgrounds. One could theorise that although Frankenstein shows to be mor... ...in. She argues that they have a similar attitude and their actions are only slightly dissimilar. Nonetheless, one can question the reliability of Aldini as a representative of natural philosophy because of Smith’s focal description of a natural philosopher, thus alerting us to Frankenstein’s incompatibility with the traits given to a natural philosopher. Thereby arguing that Frankenstein was no natural philosopher. Works Cited Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, and Joseph, M. K, Frankenstein; or The modern Prometheus. London, New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Sleigh, Charlotte. ‘Life, Death and Galvanism.’ Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and biomedical Sciences 29 (1998): 219-248 Smith, Crosbie. ‘Frankenstein and Natural Magic.’ In Frankesntein:Creation and Monstrosity, edited by Stephen Bann, 35-59. London: Reaktion, 1994. Frankenstein is Not a Natural Philosopher Essay examples -- Shelley Fr Smith’s article ‘Frankenstein and natural magic’ takes a literary approach to the analysis of ‘Frankenstein’ although this is supported by some background scientific knowledge. Through the article, Smith describes the impacts science has made on Frankenstein’s life . Smith plays close attention to Frankenstein’s childhood, where he discovered the ancient philosophers, and his Ingolstadt years. It is in these periods where Smith argues that Frankenstein is not a natural philosopher but a natural magician due to his affinity for the ancient natural sciences, the romantic genius he posses and by contrasting Frankenstein against traditional, enlightenment stereotypes of the natural philosophers within the text and the greater Socio-historical context. However, this is in contrast to the arguments of Sleigh, who by comparing Aldini to Frankenstein, attempts to rationalise his actions and draw parallels with the attitudes of the modern philos ophers. In Sleigh’s ‘Life, Death and Galvanism’ the analysis is significantly more scientific than Smith’s consequently this is done at the expense of true literary discussion and thus only brief passing references are made to Shelly’s ‘Frankenstein’ therefore the reader has to pry out comparisons between Frankenstein and Aldini. The article itself is the story of Aldini and his uses of Galvanism but it also draws on considerable philosophical ideas to analyse the thought process of Aldini. Like Smiths text, the article is chronological and details events from 1808 onwards. Her argument concedes that Aldini and Frankenstein may have had similar attitudes due to the nature of their work, their need for ‘Inspiration and their backgrounds. One could theorise that although Frankenstein shows to be mor... ...in. She argues that they have a similar attitude and their actions are only slightly dissimilar. Nonetheless, one can question the reliability of Aldini as a representative of natural philosophy because of Smith’s focal description of a natural philosopher, thus alerting us to Frankenstein’s incompatibility with the traits given to a natural philosopher. Thereby arguing that Frankenstein was no natural philosopher. Works Cited Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, and Joseph, M. K, Frankenstein; or The modern Prometheus. London, New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Sleigh, Charlotte. ‘Life, Death and Galvanism.’ Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and biomedical Sciences 29 (1998): 219-248 Smith, Crosbie. ‘Frankenstein and Natural Magic.’ In Frankesntein:Creation and Monstrosity, edited by Stephen Bann, 35-59. London: Reaktion, 1994.